- D
- Dam
- A horse's mother.
- Dam
- The mother of a litter of registered pups. A Brood Bitch that is the registered producer of a specific greyhound.
- Dark red fawn
- A greyhound body colour in which the body coat is fawn with a red tinge. This colour can be classified as red fawn or dark red fawn.
- Deemed worker
- For example a jockey riding on raceday and a trackwork rider riding on a training track are covered under the deeming provisions of that race club.
- Deep chocolate
- A greyhound body colour in which the body coat is dark brown.
- Dehydrated
- An animal that has lost too much body fluid. This will start to affect blood flow, brain function and the operation of various body systems.
- Digestive
- Associated with the stomach of an animal. It is associated with something that aids or promotes the digestion of food.
- Diploma
- A qualification in the vocational education and training and higher education sectors.
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- Discussion board
- Also know by various other names such as: discussion group, discussion forum, message board, and online forum. This is a way you can talk to other people with similar interests to you through the internet. Your facilitator will be able to advise you on how to access a discussion board. A chat room is another way of communicating with other people on the internet.
- DNA
- The genetic fingerprint in every body cell. This information can be used to identity an individual animal because everyone has a different genetic code.
- Dock
- The vertebrae in the tail of a horse.
- Document of Description
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Thoroughbred and standardbred horses that are registered to race must have a document of description or for thoroughbreds from 1 January 2005 a Thoroughbred Identification Card.
In principle the rules state: "No horse shall be permitted to start in a race or in a barrier trial conducted by any club unless prior to every race or trial the document of description of such horse is produced, if required, to the stewards, or to their duly authorised representative."
- Dog
- An adult male dog. It is also a term used to describe all domestic breeds of canine.
- Domestication
- Animals that have accepted leadership from humans.
- Driver
- The person holding a licence or permit to drive harness horses. There are different types of licences which correspond to differing levels of experience. Also known as reinsmen / reinswomen.
- Dun
- A horse body colour in which the body coat is a dun colour. The dun body coat in horses ranges from dark mousey to a light yellowish colour resulting from dilution of one of the basic colours, but a dorsal stripe remains and there may be transverse stripes on the knees and hocks. (This colour can be differentiated from buckskin as the coat has a dull rather than a glossy appearance.)
- Dun
- A greyhound body colour in which the body coat is a dun colour. This colour is very uncommon in greyhounds. The main characteristic of the colour are the pink or brown nose leather (rather than the usual black nose leather).
- E
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- Education
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- The process of imparting knowledge or developing skills, understanding, attitudes, character or behaviours.
- The process of acquiring knowledge, skills, understanding, attitudes, etc.
- The knowledge, skills, understanding, attitudes, etc. acquired.
- The field of study concerned with teaching and learning.
- Ear Brands
- An identification code which is tattooed using permanent inks inside the ear.
- Electrolyte
- A type of 'sports drink' for animals. A beverage designed to assist rehydration by restoring electrolytes, sugar and other nutrients to a dehydrated animal. It is common for animals to lose large quantities of fluid and electrolytes during transportation, exercise and stressful conditions. Unless these losses are replaced rapidly chronic dehydration, muscle cramping, loss of performance and nervousness can occur.
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- Element of competency
- Any of the basic building blocks of a unit of competency which describe the key activities or elements of the work covered by the unit.
- Emergency Plan
- A set of directions and a map showing what to do and where to go in case of an emergency.
- Employee
- An employee is a person who works for a public or private employer and receives remuneration in wages, salary, a retainer fee by their employer while working on a commission basis, tips, piece-rates or payment in kind.
- Employer
- An employer is a person who operates his or her own unincorporated economic enterprise or engages independently in a profession or trade, and hires one or more employees.
- Empty Out
- The term used to describe a greyhound excreting or discharging urine or faeces from its body.
- Enclosure
- The enclosure or place where horses are marshalled and paraded before a race. The identity brand of each horse is checked during the marshalling period. In harness, also known as the birdcage.
- Endorphins
- The feel good hormone that is released either when certain types of restraints are used such as a twitch. It is also a natural sedative which helps the horse to calm down after a fright or excitement.
- Energy
- The nutrients required to provide fuel for the animal to work or keep warm. Like petrol in a car, energy is essential to allow the animal to function, too much energy and it will become fat and more excitable, too little and they will become thin and be unwilling to work.
- Entire
- A male horse four years or older, also known as a horse or stallion.
- Ermine spot
- Black or other coloured spots that occur in white leg markings usually near the coronet band.
- Evacuation procedures
- A set of instructions that explain what to do in case of an emergency when it is necessary to leave the workplace (for example during a fire).
- Evolution
- The theoretical process by which all species develop from earlier forms of life.
- F
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- Facilitator
- A person who helps students learn by discovering things for themselves. In this course the facilitator is the person who will provide support to you as you work through the jobs, tasks, activities and assessments.
- Farrier
- Person who fits the shoes to horses' feet for training and racing.
- Fawn
- A greyhound body colour in which the body coat ranges in colour from light cream to yellow, gold and even red shades. Where there is a red tinge to the coat the greyhound is classified as red fawn or dark red fawn. A blue tinge in the coat is classified as blue fawn.
- Filling
- Also known as swelling or heat in the legs is fluid build up in the legs caused by injury or poor circulation.
- Filly
- A filly is a female horse less than four years old. When a filly becomes a four-year-old becomes a mare. Once a mare gets to stud she becomes a broodmare.
- Fire branding
- A similar process to freeze branding. However it is a very hot brand rather than a super cold one. This type of brand can be much harder to read than a freeze brand. If a horse is imported permanently into Australia with firebrands it may be required to have a new freezebrand applied before it can be registered to race.
- Flammable
- A material or substance that has a low combustion or ignition level.
- Flank
- The part of the body between the end of the rib cage and pelvis.
- Flehmen response
- Is a reaction to an unusual smell. The horse's upper lip curls upwards and shows the gums and the horse takes in scent across the mucuous membranes of the gums. Stallions will often display this response when they smell a mare.
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- Flexible delivery
- A range of approaches to providing education and training, giving learners greater choice of when, where and how they learn. Flexible delivery may involve distance education, mixed-mode delivery, online education, self-paced learning, self-directed learning, etc. See also online learning.
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- Flexible learning
- The provision of a range of learning modes or methods, giving learners greater choice of when, where and how they learn.
- Float
- The vehicle by which a horse is transported to the race track. A horse float is pulled by a motor vehicle. Sometimes it is called a trailer.
- Floating boots
- Protective equipment used on the legs when transporting horses.
- Foal
- A newly born horse, officially less than one year old. If weaned it can be described as a weanling. Also describes the act of a mare giving birth.
- Foal coat
- As horses are animals of prey they need to be able to hide until they are strong enough to run away from danger; for this reason most foals have a foal coat that includes a lot of cream or biscuit-coloured hairs. This coat will usually begin to change within a month or so after they are born.
- Foal crop
- Is the number of foals born in one year to a particular breeder - the owner or leasee of the mare at the birth of the foal.
- Foal Identification Card
- From the 2003 foal crop the Australian Stud Book issues a Foal Identification Card at the time of parentage verification. The card displays the sire, dam, date of birth, sex and microchip number of the foal, as well as the brand image that appears on the Brands Register. When the foal is ready to be named and registered for racing this card is replaced with the Thoroughbred Identification Card.
- Forelegs
- The front legs of a horse or greyhound.
- Foreman
- Usually the person who is in charge of the day- to- day operations in a stable. The trainer may manage more than one stable or kennel so the foreman is the person that ensures that the trainer's instructions for exercise, feeding and general management are carried out.
- Forequarter
- Front part of the body of a horse Includes all of the body in front of the girth.
- Form
- Current racing performance of a horse or greyhound.
- Founder
- See laminitis.
- Freeze branding
- A method of branding that is less stressful than hot-iron branding. An iron is cooled with liquid nitrogen, or alcohol & dry ice then the animal is branded with it. See also brands.
- Fungal spores
- Minute particles of fungus. The number of fungal spores will increase with an increase in humidity and temperature.
